{"id":446892,"date":"1921-09-30T12:35:51","date_gmt":"1921-09-30T08:35:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/civil.ge\/?p=446892"},"modified":"2021-10-08T12:54:54","modified_gmt":"2021-10-08T08:54:54","slug":"1921-%e1%83%ac%e1%83%9a%e1%83%98%e1%83%a1-%e1%83%a1%e1%83%94%e1%83%a5%e1%83%a2%e1%83%94%e1%83%9b%e1%83%91%e1%83%94%e1%83%a0%e1%83%98-%e1%83%99%e1%83%90%e1%83%a0%e1%83%9a-%e1%83%99%e1%83%90%e1%83%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oldwp.civil.ge\/ka\/archives\/446892","title":{"rendered":"1921 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8, \u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10da \u10d9\u10d0\u10e3\u10ea\u10d9\u10d8: \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10e7\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10da \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e3\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10eb\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\"><em>\u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc. \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd, 1921, 30 \u10e1\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8, N9-10<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\"><em>\u10d9\u10d0\u10e3\u10ea\u10d9\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>[\u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10da \u10d9\u10d0\u10e3\u10ea\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8 \u201eGEORGIEN: EINE SOZIALDEMOKRATISHE BAUERNREPUBLIK EINDR\u00dcCKE UND BEOBACHTUNGEN\u201c \u10d2\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10da \u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 1921 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0. \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10ec\u10d8\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u201eGEORGIA: A SOCIAL-DEMOCRATIC PEASANT REPUBLIC IMPRESSIONS AND OBSERVATIONS\u201c 1921 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10da\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0. 2018 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1, &nbsp;\u10e4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee \u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10e1\u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10ec\u10d8\u10e4\u10dd \u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e2\u10db\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d8\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da \u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10db\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 &#8211; \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da-\u10d2\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10da-\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 &#8211; \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1. \u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10da \u10d9\u10d0\u10e3\u10ea\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d8\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7 \u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8. &#8211; &nbsp;\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10de\u10e3\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0 100-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0]<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10d9\u10d0\u10e3\u10ea\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 (\u201e\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd &#8211; \u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da-\u10d3\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10da\u10d4\u10ee\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10de\u10e3\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u201c) \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10ee\u10da\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10dc \u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4. \u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10dd\u10d2\u10d5\u10e7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10dd \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201e\u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4 \u10d5\u10d8\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db \u10ec\u10d8\u10d2\u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10d5 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d4\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d8\u10e3\u10da, \u10d0\u10dc &nbsp;\u10d4\u10e2\u10dc\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10e1, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3&nbsp; \u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e1; \u10d4\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8: \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d7 \u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10db \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d4\u10d6\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10da \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10e9\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0? \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7 \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e3\u10d3\u10d8\u10e5\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10d7, \u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10d7 &#8211; \u10d3\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10d0\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d7, \u10db\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10db\u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 (\u10ea\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1) \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10d7, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e7\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10dd\u10d3 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d9\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0 \u10de\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1. \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4, \u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10d4 \u10d5\u10d8\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d3\u10d8, \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10e8\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10d6\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1. \u10e0\u10d0 \u10e3\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0\u10ea \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e7\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8, \u10d8\u10e1 \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e6\u10d8\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d7, \u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10db\u10d4 \u10db\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10e8\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10ec\u10e3\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d7 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10e7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8-\u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d7 \u10de\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dd \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4. \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 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\u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10ee\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8, \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1, \u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e3\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10d7\u10db\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10d2\u10d8. \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d0\u10db \u10ec\u10d8\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1. \u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc, \u10ef\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5 \u10e1\u10ea\u10dd\u10ea\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1 \u10e7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d8\u10de\u10e7\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10e8\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10d6\u10db\u10d8 &#8211; \u10d4\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da-\u10d3\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10de\u10e3\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d0 \u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10de\u10e7\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e5\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3 \u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1. \u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10ee\u10e1 \u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da \u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10da \u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e9\u10e0\u10d4\u10d6\u10d5\u10d8\u10e9\u10d0\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e8\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d2\u10d0\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1. \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8\u10d0\u10ea \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d5\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0\u10db.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc \u10d8\u10db \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10db \u10ea\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10ea\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10d0\u10db \u10ec\u10d8\u10d2\u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10e8\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10d7 \u10de\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e8\u10d4\u10ea, \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8\u10ea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10ee\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7, \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4 \u10e9\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d0\u10ea \u10d9\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10d7\u10d4\u10d7\u10e0\u10d8, \u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4 \u10ec\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e5\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d7\u10e0\u10d2\u10e3\u10dc\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1, \u10d0\u10db \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10db\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10ee\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10e1\u10dc\u10d0\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10da\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10eb\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d0\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0\u10d2\u10da\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d5\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d1\u10d4\u10e9\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8 &#8211;&nbsp; \u10d0\u10db \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10eb\u10da\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da &nbsp;\u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10ee\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d7 \u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d4\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d7, \u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc 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\u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e6\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10db \u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 &#8211; \u201e\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd\u201c. \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db, \u10d7\u10e3 \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc, \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10e3\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10d7 \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da 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\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd, 1921, 30 \u10e1\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8, N9-10 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e3\u10ea\u10d9\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 [\u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10da \u10d9\u10d0\u10e3\u10ea\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8 \u201eGEORGIEN: EINE SOZIALDEMOKRATISHE BAUERNREPUBLIK EINDR\u00dcCKE UND BEOBACHTUNGEN\u201c \u10d2\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10da \u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 1921 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10e4\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0. \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10ec\u10d8\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u201eGEORGIA: A SOCIAL-DEMOCRATIC PEASANT REPUBLIC IMPRESSIONS AND OBSERVATIONS\u201c 1921 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10da\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0. 2018 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1, &nbsp;\u10e4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee \u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":267599,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[715],"tags":[2812,4512,4511,203,3398,682,2878,5460],"class_list":["post-446892","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-old-news-ka","tag-2812","tag-4512","tag-4511","tag-203","tag-3398","tag-682","tag-2878","tag-5460"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/oldwp.civil.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/E._Klar._Kautsky_in_Georgia_1920.jpg","amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oldwp.civil.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/446892"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oldwp.civil.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oldwp.civil.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oldwp.civil.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oldwp.civil.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=446892"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/oldwp.civil.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/446892\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oldwp.civil.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/267599"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oldwp.civil.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=446892"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oldwp.civil.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=446892"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oldwp.civil.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=446892"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}